Adhesive tape is used, for example, to fix parts and elements that constitute mobile electronic terminals, cameras, personal computers, household appliances, automobiles and the like. Examples of raw materials used for such limb fixation adhesive tapes include silicone-based adhesives and acrylic-based adhesives. However, in the case of a silicone-based adhesive, it is not economical due to its high cost. On the other hand, in the case of acrylic adhesives, although the cost is low, oil is usually used as a raw material, so there are problems of depletion of oil resources and emission of carbon dioxide due to the disposal treatment.

In recent years, as interest in environmental issues such as global warming has increased, there has been a strong social demand for the use of plant-derived raw materials as an alternative to conventional petroleum-derived raw materials. However, it is difficult to meet the conventional required performance by using a raw material of plant origin, and a tape having a particularly high degree of biomass has the disadvantage of poor adhesiveness.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an adhesive tape having a high degree of biomass, having a sufficient adhesive force, and also having excellent detachability.

The present adhesive tape has a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing a polyester resin, the biomass grade of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 80% by weight or more, the gel content of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer pressure is 40% by weight and it is a stainless steel plate. Has an adhesive strength of 4 to 14 N/20 mm.
 

The present technology is part of the sector of the use of by-products of the food industry. In particular, the object of the invention is an improved process for the production of methane from the anaerobic co-digestion of alperujo, the main by-product generated in the elaboration of olive oil, by means of the elaboration system by centrifugation in two phases, with the microalgae Dunaliella salina.

The alperujo is the main by-product resulting from the extraction of olive oil in the oil mills, and shows a high water content (56%), an acid pH (5.4) and a high content of organic matter (91%). much of it lignin in nature (35%). In addition, alperujo has a high fat content (3-4%) and also water-soluble polyphenoies (0.9%), fractions that give it phytotoxic properties. In addition, alperujo is deficient in nitrogen, therefore, the anaerobic digestion process of the same is associated with a nitrogen deficiency that is reflected in the metabolism of the microorganisms and therefore in the yields of biogas and methane production. In conclusion, alperujo is very problematic both for its characteristics (low pH, high organic load, high content of reducing sugars, etc.) and for the quantities in which it is generated (from 2,000,000-4,000,000 t / year) and its treatment is very necessary.

Biomass gasification is a process of converting solid biomass fuel into a gaseous combustible gas (called producer gas) through a sequence of thermo -chemical reactions. It is an effective way of converting plant material into a valuable energy source. It is an important thermal chemical process that converts any carbonaceous biomass to gaseous products. Compared with traditional coal gasification, biomass gasification takes place at a lower temperature (~ 900 °C) due to the essential nature of biomass. However, the gasification process also creates significant amounts of vaporous tars. As the gas stream cools, the vaporous tars may condense and deposit themselves on downstream components. The deposited tars may reduce the reliability of the system by fouling and/or damaging the downstream components. The presence of Tar in producer gas can affect the performance of the engine, by damaging the lube-oil and the engine components. 

The existing methods are not able to overcome the problem associated with the removal of tar vapours and the problems associated with the functioning of an engine that is damaged by the presence of tar in producer gas. Thus it is raised a biomass gasifier system for power generation, easy and cost-effective to provide high-quality producer gas, eliminate tar in the production of producer gas, effectively help the user, provide a cleaner fuel for operating IC engines, and provide energy access to the remote and economically deprived populations that can uplift the economic status.

The biomass used in the present method is not particularly limited but is preferably plant-derived biomass. Plant-derived biomass refers to plant-derived organic resources, including wood, dried vegetation, agricultural or forestry waste. Examples thereof include cut vegetables, fruits, shavings, straw, rice straw, and paddy husks. Among these plant-derived biomasses, it is preferable to use woody biomass from the viewpoint of abundant resources.

The biomass fuel obtained by the method of this embodiment can be used as a fuel in various situations. The biomass fuel obtained by the production method of the present embodiment is extremely useful in industry because it has extremely high strength and excellent moldability as compared with the conventional biomass solid fuel.

The present invention refers to a briquetting process with the aim of replacing charcoal and stopping the destruction of forests, as is the case in Madagascar. The method of the present invention provides an economical and high energy quality briquette that can be used on a daily basis in place of coal as a household fuel.

The briquette obtained is a 100% natural product and an alternative to conventional heating products, maintaining at least the same or even better performance. In addition, the process allows to exploit a raw material that is abundant in certain countries and that is in disuse and sometimes even inconvenient because the water hyacinth is an invasive plant that suffocates bodies of water and causes fish to disappear in favor of other pests such as rats that spread disease.

Cement is a critical material for urbanization and its production is responsible for most of the CO2 emissions in the world. The use of substances capable of substituting the material responsible for greenhouse gases can reduce global warming. Among such materials is agricultural waste ash which has been found suitable to partially replace Portland cement in concrete production and can contribute to a decline of the environmental impact of cement production. Rice husks can be used as building material, fertilizer, insulation material, or fuel. Rice husk ash, a product of the burning of rice hulls, could be used to make amorphous reactive silica which is variously applied in materials science.

Freshwater scarcity is now a global concern due to the increase in water pollution and the human population so it must be found a cost-effective solution for freshwater generation using renewable energy sources. Solar-driven water purification technology is being considered an energy-efficient way of producing clean water. The principle of this technology is to convert solar energy into heat that generates steam, used to heat water that can be applied to heating systems or to generate clean water from seawater or polluted water. 

The main focus is to prepare efficient solar vapor generators (SVG), why it was design a SVG by carbonizing the surfaces of a piece of coconut husk using a household liquefied petroleum gas stove. Carbonized coconut husk (CCH) based evaporators show a maximum evaporation rate of 3.6 kg m-2 h -1 under 1 sun illumination (AM 1.5) and offering a thermal efficiency of 144%.

Las películas de almidón de yuca biodegradables con actividad antioxidante mediante la adición de nanocápsulas de licopeno generan un aumento de los parámetros de permeabilidad al vapor de agua, resistencia a la tracción y alargamiento de las películas. También proporcionan una mayor barrera a la transmisión de luz UV/Vis. Las películas incorporando nanocápsulas de licopeno brindan una mayor protección a la oxidación al aceite de girasol almacenado en condiciones de oxidación acelerada, lo que muestra una potencial aplicación como antioxidante de envasado para prevenir la oxidación de alimentos con alto contenido graso. Las películas son biodegradables ya que tienen una buena estabilidad térmica cuando se someten a diferentes tasas de calentamiento y una biodegradabilidad rápida a lo largo de 15 días.

Se obtienen películas de bicapa de almidón-quitosano que contienen aceites esenciales en la capa de quitosano mediante termocompresión, mostrando una buena adhesión interfacial entre las capas de polímero. Las películas bicapa de almidón-quitosano muestran una mejor resistencia mecánica que las monocapas de almidón, aunque fueron menos elásticas debido al control interfacial de la fractura de la película. Las películas bicapa son ligeramente menos transparentes pero muestran propiedades ópticas aceptables. El quitosano es eficaz para controlar el crecimiento bacteriano en la carne de cerdo en rodajas. Sin embargo, el tratamiento térmico utilizado para la obtención de las bicapas redujo su eficacia, revelando la pérdida de grupos amino durante el tratamiento. Los aceites esenciales no mostraron acción antimicrobiana en la capa de quitosano cuando se aplica a la carne de cerdo. La cantidad final de aceites esenciales en las películas puede estar muy limitada por las pérdidas potenciales ocurridas durante los métodos de fundición y termoprocesamiento que se utilizan para la producción de películas. Deben utilizarse otras estrategias para incorporar los aceites esenciales antimicrobianos en las películas a fin de mejorar la retención final de los aceites esenciales en las matrices poliméricas y su liberación efectiva en los medios alimentarios para superar la concentración mínimamente inhibitoria.

Los extractos de romero ricos en polifenoles se incorporan dentro de las películas de almidón de yuca para producir envases de alimentos activos con propiedades antioxidantes. Se obtienen películas con espesores similares (alrededor de 200 μm) y contenido de agua (15-20%). El contenido de polifenoles de las películas activas oscila entre 4,4 y 13,6 mg de equivalentes de ácido gálico por gramo. A medida que aumenta el contenido de polifenoles, las películas muestran un aumento en su actividad antioxidante. Además, las películas con mayor concentración de extracto muestran mejores propiedades de barrera frente a la luz UV. La incorporación de extracto de romero inhibe la unión entre el glicerol y las moléculas de almidón. Las pruebas de migración hechas con agua y etanol al 95% como simulantes alimentarios para alimentos acuosos y grasos, respectivamente, muestran que después de 7 días de exposición de la película, el contenido total de polifenoles cargados en las películas migró dentro del simulante alimenticio acuoso, mientras que sólo se detectó una cantidad insignificante de polifenoles en el alimento graso. Por último, las películas que contienen extracto de romero muestran un alto grado de biodegradación después de 14 días de compostaje.